{"id":97204,"date":"2024-07-19T06:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-07-19T04:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/reparer-et-construire-la-ville\/"},"modified":"2024-08-29T10:54:54","modified_gmt":"2024-08-29T08:54:54","slug":"reparer-et-construire-la-ville","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/reparer-et-construire-la-ville\/","title":{"rendered":"R\u00e9parer et construire la ville"},"content":{"rendered":"
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The issue of housing in the broadest sense (i.e.<\/em> housing plus its urban, logistical, social, service and natural environment) is now at the heart of our major economic, social, ecological and political challenges.<\/h6>
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Binet<\/span> Nicolas and Aboville<\/span> Gwena\u00eblle (d\u2019), R\u00e9parer et construire la ville. Pour un renouvellement de l\u2019offre en logement<\/em>, Paris: Le Moniteur \/ Club ville am\u00e9nagement, June 2024, 192 p.<\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n \n \n <\/a>\n <\/div>\n \"\"\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n

The associated costs (housing, travel, energy, urban services) absorb a good third of household income, and more than half for the least well-off households. These are compulsory items of expenditure, which have been rising steadily over the last 20 years, reducing real purchasing power by the same amount. The corresponding consumption accounts for two-thirds of greenhouse gas emissions in France, and justifies the restrictions on individual housing proposed by some ecological planners. Finally, the feeling of \u2018spatial decline\u2019 associated with certain areas or urban forms feeds the extreme votes that threaten democracies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

What we call the housing crisis is in fact, more broadly speaking, a crisis of the urban fabric. If housing production is at a low ebb today (even though it is supported by a system of subsidies which, in France, absorbs almost 2% of gross domestic product), it is because it is facing a double crisis, which is both a crisis of supply (difficulty in producing and finding land) and a crisis of demand (household insolvency, mismatch between demand and supply).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This book (Repairing and Building the City: Renewing the Housing Supply<\/em>) has the great merit of tackling the issue of housing in its entirety, combining large-scale forward-looking visions with observations drawn from concrete, local situations. It is co-authored by two planning professionals, and draws on contributions from players in the public and private sectors. It is therefore richly and extensively documented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

According to the authors of this book, the production and economics of this type of housing will be profoundly affected over the coming decades by a number of phenomena that will collide: the need to limit urban sprawl (\u2018zero net artificial land use\u2019 principle) will make land scarcer and therefore more expensive. Rising construction costs (due both to stricter standards and to tensions on the energy and raw materials markets) will penalise housing production, which has already been weakened by rising interest rates. Global warming, which is particularly noticeable in the heart of large conurbations (heat islands), could encourage an \u201cexodus\u201d to other areas, thereby modifying demand. New practices, such as teleworking, could also change the residential strategies of households, as well as the location choices of businesses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

According to the same authors, there are several ways of overcoming this \u201chousing crisis\u201d. Firstly, France has a large stock of vacant homes (8.2% of the national total), but these are either located far from major urban centres or are in a state of disrepair (particularly in terms of heating) that excludes them from the rental market. Some of this stock is located in medium-sized towns that could become attractive, particularly with the development of teleworking, if they had better public services and better rail links to major cities. Part of the answer to the housing crisis therefore lies in regional planning policies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Another field of opportunity is offered by the possible conversion of certain commercial, industrial or service sector wastelands into residential areas. But the urban planning, economic and regulatory models that will enable this land to be exploited have yet to be invented in part.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/div>\n

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A third lever, which this book tackles without taboo, is demographic: the forthcoming exit from the market of the generations born after the Second World War. The baby-boomers, now \u2018papy-boomers\u2019, will soon be feeding a deady-boom (sic<\/em>)! But these future \u201cleavers\u201d often occupy homes that are too big for them, or too big for potential buyers. Retraining them to make their homes accessible to the next generation will require special engineering (architectural, financial, even fiscal), which also remains to be invented.<\/p>\n

To embrace this paradigm shift, planning and construction professionals will have to change their approach to the profession. The era of major urban projects and macro-lots of several hundred dwellings is undoubtedly over. Tomorrow\u2019s urban planning, in France and in Europe, will have to reconcile large-scale visions (regional planning, structuring networks, public services) with practices for \u2018repairing\u2019 the urban fabric on a smaller scale, that of neighbourhoods, blocks or even school playgrounds. The major housing and construction aid policies will need to be supported or relayed by much more detailed approaches that take better account of specific local or regional features.<\/p>\n

One of the merits of this book is that it describes the system of causes and effects that links challenges of different kinds (climate, social demands, logistics, heritage, etc.) and on different scales. It provides a good introduction to the future of housing.<\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n

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\n Voir aussi<\/span>\n
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\n \n \"\"<\/a>\n <\/span>\n \n Towards the Stationary City?<\/a>\n \n \n \n <\/use>\n<\/svg>\n <\/a>\n <\/span>\n
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26 June 2023<\/div>\n DAMON Julien<\/a>\n
\n 11 p.\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n
\n \n \n <\/use>\n<\/svg>\n\n Journal Article\n <\/a>\n Environment<\/a>\n Soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/a>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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N.B.: this article has been translated from French by DeepL, and revised by the author and Futuribles.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The issue of housing in the broadest sense (i.e. housing plus its urban, logistical, social, service and natural environment) is now at the heart of our major economic, social, ecological and political challenges. Binet Nicolas and Aboville Gwena\u00eblle (d\u2019), R\u00e9parer et construire la ville. Pour un renouvellement de l\u2019offre en logement, Paris: Le Moniteur \/ … Continued<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":92494,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","_seopress_robots_follow":"","_seopress_robots_imageindex":"","_seopress_robots_snippet":"","_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_robots_breadcrumbs":"","_seopress_robots_freeze_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_custom_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_canonical":"","_seopress_social_fb_title":"","_seopress_social_fb_desc":"","_seopress_social_fb_img":"","_seopress_social_fb_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_height":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_title":"","_seopress_social_twitter_desc":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_height":0,"_seopress_redirections_value":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled_regex":"","_seopress_redirections_logged_status":"both","_seopress_redirections_param":"","_seopress_redirections_type":301,"_seopress_analysis_target_kw":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[131],"tags":[202,212],"keyword":[859,1025,1131,1221,882,1457],"class_list":["post-97204","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-read-seen-heard","tag-environnement-en","tag-societe-en","keyword-france-en","keyword-habitat-en","keyword-logement-en","keyword-economie-fonciere-en","keyword-villes-en","keyword-urbanisme-en"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/97204","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/25"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=97204"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/97204\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":97208,"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/97204\/revisions\/97208"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/92494"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=97204"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=97204"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=97204"},{"taxonomy":"keyword","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/keyword?post=97204"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}