{"id":90994,"date":"2024-04-22T06:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-04-22T04:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/co2-emissions-in-2023\/"},"modified":"2024-10-31T14:27:29","modified_gmt":"2024-10-31T13:27:29","slug":"co2-emissions-in-2023-a-new-record-high-but-is-there-light-at-the-end-of-the-tunnel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/co2-emissions-in-2023-a-new-record-high-but-is-there-light-at-the-end-of-the-tunnel\/","title":{"rendered":"CO2 Emissions in 2023"},"content":{"rendered":"
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The 28e<\/sup> Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP28), held in Dubai in the United Arab Emirates from November 30 to December 12, 2023, recognized in its final declaration the need for a \u201ctransition away from fossil fuels\u201d, with governments invited to contribute to it, \u201cso as to achieve net zero [CO2<\/sub> emissions] by 2050 in keeping with the science\u201d. The term \u2018transition\u2019 is admittedly ambiguous.[1]<\/a><\/sup> It does not call for a \u2018phasing out\u2019 of fossil fuels, but the Dubai declaration undoubtedly marks a change in attitude on the part of countries that until now have been reluctant to consider this transition. In this report published after COP28, the IEA (International Energy Agency) takes stock of global CO2<\/sub> emissions and asks how far we still have to go to achieve carbon neutrality.<\/h6>
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IEA (International Energy Agency), CO2 Emissions in 2023: A New Record High, but Is there Light at the End of the Tunnel?,<\/em> Paris: IEA, February 2024, 24 p.<\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n \n See this publication\n <\/a>\n <\/div>\n \"\"\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n

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In the first part, the IEA gives a mixed assessment of the situation. Overall, global energy-related CO2<\/sub> emissions rose by \u201conly\u201d 1.1% in 2023 compared with 2022 (by 410 million tonnes [Mt], reaching an annual record of 37.4 billion tonnes [Gt]), a smaller increase than in 2022 (1.3%). It notes that emissions from coal accounted for 65% of the increase in 2023, and that without the deployment of so-called clean energies and associated technologies (solar photovoltaics, wind power, nuclear power, heat pumps and electric cars), the growth in CO2<\/sub> emissions would have been three times higher. However, drought in several regions of the world has penalised hydroelectric production, contributing to an increase in the emissions balance of 170 MtCO2<\/sub> (the lower production of dams being offset by the use of carbon-based electricity). Over the period 2019-2023, total energy-related emissions have increased by 900 Mt (with a drop in 2020-2021 during the Covid-19 pandemic). Finally, the IEA notes that the emissions growth rate over the last 10 years (3% per year) has been lower than in the 1970s and 1980s.<\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n

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\n Voir aussi<\/span>\n
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\n \n \"\"<\/a>\n <\/span>\n \n World Energy Outlook 2023<\/a>\n \n \n <\/use>\n<\/svg>\n <\/a>\n <\/span>\n
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2 January 2024<\/div>\n PAPON Pierre<\/a>\n
\n 8 min.\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n
\n \n \n <\/use>\n<\/svg>\n\n Lu, vu, entendu\n <\/a>\n \u00c9conomie<\/a>\n Environnement<\/a>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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The second part of the report looks in more detail at emissions in developed and emerging countries. The IEA makes the rather encouraging observation that while the gross domestic product of developed countries will have increased by 1.7% in 2023, their CO2<\/sub> emissions will have fallen by 4.5%, a decline that the IEA describes as a \u201crecord\u201d: they will have fallen by 520 Mt to their level of 50 years ago, with demand for coal in these countries even returning to its level of the early 20th<\/sup> century. This clear reduction in CO2<\/sub> emissions in the economies of developed countries is the result of a combination of factors: a strong rise in renewable energies, a \u2018transition\u2019 from coal to natural gas in the United States, low industrial production in several countries, and milder temperatures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The situation is different in the economies of emerging countries, particularly China and India, which have experienced strong economic growth. In China, following the end of the Covid-19 crisis in 2022, the economic recovery was a major energy consumer in 2023, with CO2<\/sub> emissions rising by 4.7% (565 Mt). The country has remained the undisputed leader in the development of renewable energies; 15% of its electricity production comes from solar and wind power, and the share of electric vehicles in the car market is twice as high as in developed countries. India\u2019s growth in CO2<\/sub> emissions has been lower than China\u2019s (190 Mt) and has been handicapped by the weak monsoon season (lower hydroelectricity production). Coal accounted for almost 70% of the increase in emissions in 2023 in these two countries. The IEA notes that China\u2019s per capita<\/em> CO2<\/sub> emissions are now 15% higher than those of developed countries (but a third lower than those of the United States), while India\u2019s are well below the world average.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/div>\n

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The IEA concludes by observing that the CO2<\/sub> \u201cemissions landscape\u201d continues to change. China\u2019s emissions (35% of global emissions) are higher than those of all developed countries, and India\u2019s have overtaken those of the European Union. The developing countries of Asia alone now contribute half of the world\u2019s emissions. Per capita<\/em> emissions from the European Union as a whole have fallen sharply; they are still 15% higher than the world average, but 40% lower than those of China. These changes simply reflect the fact that the global economy\u2019s centre of gravity is now in Asia.<\/p>\n

This report is interesting in that it shows that while developed countries have made progress in decarbonising energy, many emerging countries still have a long way to go, and some of them, such as China, have not yet recovered from their addiction to coal. The IEA wonders whether \u201cthere is light at the end of the tunnel\u201d; yes, optimists may say, but it is still very dim.<\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n

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\n Voir aussi<\/span>\n
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\n \n \"\"<\/a>\n <\/span>\n \n Staying on Course for Energy\/Climate Transition<\/a>\n \n \n \n <\/use>\n<\/svg>\n <\/a>\n <\/span>\n
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26 June 2023<\/div>\n CRIQUI Patrick<\/a>\n HACHE Emmanuel<\/a>\n
\n 22 p.\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n
\n \n \n <\/use>\n<\/svg>\n\n Journal Article\n <\/a>\n Environment<\/a>\n Geopolitics<\/a>\n Society<\/a>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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N.B.:<\/em> this article has been translated from French by DeepL, and revised by the author and Futuribles.<\/span><\/p>\n

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  1. \n

    On this subject, see Fressoz<\/span> Jean-Baptiste, Sans transition. Une nouvelle histoire de l\u2019\u00e9nergie<\/em><\/a>,<\/em> Paris: Seuil (\u00c9coc\u00e8ne), January 2024. \u2191<\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    The 28e Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP28), held in Dubai in the United Arab Emirates from November 30 to December 12, 2023, recognized in its final declaration the need for a \u201ctransition away from fossil fuels\u201d, with governments invited to contribute to it, \u201cso as to … Continued<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":88793,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","_seopress_robots_follow":"","_seopress_robots_imageindex":"","_seopress_robots_snippet":"","_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_robots_breadcrumbs":"","_seopress_robots_freeze_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_custom_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_canonical":"","_seopress_social_fb_title":"","_seopress_social_fb_desc":"","_seopress_social_fb_img":"","_seopress_social_fb_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_height":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_title":"","_seopress_social_twitter_desc":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_height":0,"_seopress_redirections_value":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled_regex":"","_seopress_redirections_logged_status":"both","_seopress_redirections_param":"","_seopress_redirections_type":301,"_seopress_analysis_target_kw":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[131],"tags":[133,202],"keyword":[1058,1479,1251,849,1543],"class_list":["post-90994","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-read-seen-heard","tag-economie-et-emploi-en","tag-environnement-en","keyword-climat-en","keyword-changement-climatique-en","keyword-transition-en","keyword-energie-en","keyword-pollution-en"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90994","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/25"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=90994"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90994\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":99210,"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90994\/revisions\/99210"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/88793"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=90994"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=90994"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=90994"},{"taxonomy":"keyword","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/keyword?post=90994"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}