{"id":70346,"date":"2023-04-26T06:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-04-26T04:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/?p=70346"},"modified":"2023-04-26T09:39:40","modified_gmt":"2023-04-26T07:39:40","slug":"le-mirage-des-classes-moyennes-en-afrique","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/le-mirage-des-classes-moyennes-en-afrique\/","title":{"rendered":"The Mirage of the Middle Classes in Africa"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class='post-container'>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le contexte inflationniste qui p\u00e8se sur l\u2019\u00e9conomie mondiale depuis plus d\u2019un an, li\u00e9 aux cons\u00e9quences de la guerre engag\u00e9e par la Russie en Ukraine, met \u00e0 mal le pouvoir d\u2019achat d\u2019une partie importante des consommateurs, en Europe comme ailleurs. Les premiers touch\u00e9s par cette situation sont, bien \u00e9videmment, les m\u00e9nages \u00e0 bas revenus et issus de la classe moyenne, qui peuvent rapidement basculer dans la pauvret\u00e9. Si ceci vaut dans les pays d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s, c\u2019est encore plus pr\u00e9gnant dans les pays en d\u00e9veloppement, \u00e0 commencer par ceux du continent africain dont la croissance \u00e9conomique mise beaucoup sur l\u2019essor des classes moyennes. Or, sans m\u00eame tenir compte des \u00e9volutions r\u00e9centes ayant suivi la crise Covid et le conflit en Ukraine, cette \u00e9mergence des classes moyennes en Afrique reste tr\u00e8s hypoth\u00e9tique, comme le montre ici Marc Lautier.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Apr\u00e8s un bref rappel de la situation \u00e9conomique en Afrique subsaharienne, principal gisement mondial de population active, actuel et \u00e0 venir, Marc Lautier revient sur la notion de classe moyenne et son apport en mati\u00e8re de d\u00e9veloppement socio-\u00e9conomique. Il montre combien les d\u00e9finitions et analyses de la classe moyenne diff\u00e8rent et font souvent preuve d\u2019un exc\u00e8s d\u2019optimisme. Retenant pour sa part le niveau de revenu et la capacit\u00e9 de consommation qu\u2019il conf\u00e8re aux individus (autrement dit, une population sortie de la pauvret\u00e9), Marc Lautier montre que les classes moyennes, \u00e0 l\u2019exception sans doute de l\u2019Afrique du Sud, devraient rester tr\u00e8s marginales en Afrique subsaharienne, y compris \u00e0 long terme. Elles ne repr\u00e9senteraient gu\u00e8re plus de 4\u00a0% de la population d\u2019ici 2030, ne permettant pas de tirer la croissance de la demande et d\u2019enclencher une expansion \u00e9conomique solide et durable. \u00c0 un horizon plus lointain, la situation est moins fig\u00e9e et d\u00e9pendra tr\u00e8s largement de la dynamique d\u00e9mographique r\u00e9gionale.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le contexte inflationniste qui p\u00e8se sur l\u2019\u00e9conomie mondiale depuis plus d\u2019un an, li\u00e9 aux cons\u00e9quences de la guerre engag\u00e9e par la Russie en Ukraine, met \u00e0 mal le pouvoir d\u2019achat d\u2019une partie importante des consommateurs, en Europe comme ailleurs. Les premiers touch\u00e9s par cette situation sont, bien \u00e9videmment, les m\u00e9nages \u00e0 bas revenus et issus &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/le-mirage-des-classes-moyennes-en-afrique\/\">Continued<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":71478,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","_seopress_robots_follow":"","_seopress_robots_imageindex":"","_seopress_robots_snippet":"","_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_robots_breadcrumbs":"","_seopress_robots_freeze_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_custom_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_canonical":"","_seopress_social_fb_title":"","_seopress_social_fb_desc":"","_seopress_social_fb_img":"","_seopress_social_fb_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_height":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_title":"","_seopress_social_twitter_desc":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_height":0,"_seopress_redirections_value":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled_regex":"","_seopress_redirections_logged_status":"both","_seopress_redirections_param":"","_seopress_redirections_type":301,"_seopress_analysis_target_kw":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1325,180],"tags":[133,212],"keyword":[1065,997,1270],"class_list":["post-70346","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-revue-futuribles-en","category-journal-article","tag-economie-et-emploi-en","tag-societe-en","keyword-africa-en","keyword-developpement-economique-en","keyword-classes-sociales-en"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70346","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/25"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=70346"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70346\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":110602,"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70346\/revisions\/110602"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/71478"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=70346"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=70346"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=70346"},{"taxonomy":"keyword","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/keyword?post=70346"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}