{"id":37878,"date":"2008-01-01T01:00:00","date_gmt":"2008-01-01T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/le-peage-urbain-londonien\/"},"modified":"2022-11-25T23:18:13","modified_gmt":"2022-11-25T22:18:13","slug":"le-peage-urbain-londonien","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/le-peage-urbain-londonien\/","title":{"rendered":"The London Congestion Charge"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class='post-container'><p>In the 1990s, the average speed of travel in London dropped below what it was in the early years of the 20th century before motor vehicles came into widespread use. The actual traffic speed in the centre of London fell by more than 20% between 1968 and 1998, with drivers spending almost a third of their journey time at a standstill.<br \/>\nIn 2003, in order to deal with substantial traffic problems and respond to growing public concerns in this area, &#8220;Transport for London&#8221; established a system of congestion charges that are payable by motorists driving in the city centre on weekdays between 7 a.m. and 6.30 p.m. Since that time, traffic and traffic jams have decreased distinctly, to the great satisfaction of Londoners. Jonathan Leape describes here the origins of this congestion charge, including the theoretical and practical debates that preceded its implementation. He outlines the practical details of the scheme and its impact on traffic levels, congestion, usage of other forms of transport and economic activity&#8230;. Lastly, he presents a cost-benefit analysis of the system in both economic and social terms, demonstrating how it has represented a success both for economists specializing in the field and for the city&#8217;s transport policy.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In the 1990s, the average speed of travel in London dropped below what it was in the early years of the 20th century before motor vehicles came into widespread use. The actual traffic speed in the centre of London fell by more than 20% between 1968 and 1998, with drivers spending almost a third of &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/le-peage-urbain-londonien\/\">Continued<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","_seopress_robots_follow":"","_seopress_robots_imageindex":"","_seopress_robots_snippet":"","_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_robots_breadcrumbs":"","_seopress_robots_freeze_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_custom_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_canonical":"","_seopress_social_fb_title":"","_seopress_social_fb_desc":"","_seopress_social_fb_img":"","_seopress_social_fb_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_height":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_title":"","_seopress_social_twitter_desc":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_height":0,"_seopress_redirections_value":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled_regex":"","_seopress_redirections_logged_status":"","_seopress_redirections_param":"","_seopress_redirections_type":0,"_seopress_analysis_target_kw":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[47,1324],"tags":[133,202],"keyword":[138,1064,1045],"class_list":["post-37878","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-article","category-revue-futuribles","tag-economie-et-emploi-en","tag-environnement-en","keyword-environnement-en","keyword-transport-en","keyword-royaume-uni-en"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37878","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37878"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37878\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":51872,"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37878\/revisions\/51872"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37878"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37878"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37878"},{"taxonomy":"keyword","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.futuribles.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/keyword?post=37878"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}